Iyo ari ubuntu ahantu hakonje, molekile izahita ikonjesha mugutinda kuzenguruka no gutakaza ingufu zuzunguruka mugihe cya kwant. Abahanga mu bya fiziki berekanye ko iyi nzira yo gukonjesha ishobora kwihuta, gutinda cyangwa no guhindurwa no kugongana kwa molekile hamwe nuduce dukikije .googletag.cmd.push (imikorere () {googletag.ikinamico ('div-gpt-ad-1449240174198-2 ′);});
Abashakashatsi bo mu kigo cya Max-Planck gishinzwe ubuvuzi bwa kirimbuzi mu Budage na Laboratoire ya Columbia Astrophysical Laboratwari baherutse gukora ubushakashatsi bugamije gupima igipimo cy’inzibacyuho yatewe no kugongana hagati ya molekile na electron. Ubushakashatsi bwabo bwatangajwe mu ibaruwa isubiramo ibinyabuzima, butanga ibimenyetso bya mbere by’ubushakashatsi. y'iki kigereranyo, cyagereranijwe gusa mubyukuri.
Ábel Kálosi, umwe mu bashakashatsi bakoze ubwo bushakashatsi, yatangarije Phys.org ati: "Iyo electron na ion za molekile zihari muri gaze ya ioni nkeya, abaturage bo mu rwego rwo hasi ya kwantile ya molekile barashobora guhinduka mugihe cyo kugongana." inzira iri mubicu hagati yinyenyeri, aho kwitegereza byerekana ko molekile ziganje cyane muri kwant kwinshi kwayo.Gukurura hagati ya electron zashizwemo nabi na ion zuzuye neza bituma inzira yo kugongana kwa electron ikora neza. ”
Haraheze imyaka, abahanga mu bya fiziki bagerageza kumenya uburyo electroni yubuntu ikorana na molekile mugihe cyo kugongana hanyuma amaherezo igahindura uko izunguruka.Nyamara, kugeza ubu, ubuhanuzi bwabo ntabwo bwigeze bugeragezwa mubushakashatsi.
Kálosi abisobanura agira ati: “Kugeza ubu, nta bipimo byigeze bikorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane agaciro k'impinduka mu rwego rw'ingufu zizunguruka ku bucucike bwa elegitoronike n'ubushyuhe runaka.”
Kugira ngo iki gipimo gikusanyirizwe hamwe, Kálosi na bagenzi be bazanye molekile zishyizwe hamwe kugira ngo bahure cyane na electron ku bushyuhe bugera kuri 25 Kelvin.Ibyo byabemereye kugerageza mu buryo bw'igerageza gutekereza ku bitekerezo ndetse n'ubuhanuzi byavuzwe mu mirimo yabanjirije iyi.
Mu bushakashatsi bwabo, abashakashatsi bifashishije impeta yo kubika cryogenic mu kigo cya Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics i Heidelberg, mu Budage, cyagenewe amoko atoranya amoko ya ion. Muri iyi mpeta, molekile zigenda mu mibumbe isa n’amoko mu mubumbe wa kirogenike ko ni Byinshi Byasibwe Kuva Iyindi myuka Yinyuma.
Kálosi abisobanura agira ati: “Mu mpeta ya kirogenike, ion zabitswe zirashobora gukonjeshwa ku buryo bukabije ku bushyuhe bw'urukuta rw'impeta, bigatuma ion zuzura ku rugero rwo hasi cyane.” Impeta zo kubika Cryogenic zimaze kubakwa mu bihugu byinshi, ariko ikigo cyacu imwe yonyine ifite ibikoresho byabugenewe bya elegitoroniki byabugenewe bishobora kwerekanwa no guhura na molekile ion.Iyoni zibikwa mu minota mike muri iyi mpeta, lazeri ikoreshwa mu kubaza ingufu zizunguruka za ioni. ”
Muguhitamo uburebure bwihariye bwa optique ya lazeri ya probe, itsinda rishobora gusenya agace gato ka ion zabitswe niba ingufu zazo zizunguruka zihuye nuburebure bwumuraba.Bahise bavumbura ibice bya molekile zahungabanye kugirango babone ibyo bita ibimenyetso byerekana.
Itsinda ryakusanyije ibipimo byabo imbere ya elegitoroniki idahari kandi idahari.Ibyo byabashaga kumenya impinduka z’abaturage ba horizontal mu bihe by'ubushyuhe buke bwashyizwe mu bushakashatsi.
Kálosi yagize ati: "Kugirango bapime inzira yo guhinduranya leta ihindagurika, ni ngombwa ko hajyaho ingufu nkeya cyane mu kuzunguruka muri ion ya molekile." Ku bw'ibyo, mu bushakashatsi bwa laboratoire, ion za molekile zigomba kubikwa mu bukonje bukabije umubumbe, ukoresheje ubukonje bwa cryogenic kubushyuhe buri munsi yubushyuhe bwicyumba, bukaba hafi ya 300 Kelvin.Muri iki gitabo, molekile zirashobora gutandukanywa na molekile ziboneka hose, imirasire y’amashyanyarazi y’ibidukikije. ”
Mu bushakashatsi bwabo, Kálosi na bagenzi be bashoboye kugera ku miterere y’ubushakashatsi aho kugongana kwa elegitoronike biganje mu guhinduranya imirasire.Bifashishije electroni zihagije, bashoboraga gukusanya ibipimo byinshi byo kugongana kwa electron hamwe na ion ya molekile.
Kálosi yagize ati: "Twabonye ko igipimo cy’inzibacyuho cyatewe na electron gihuye n’ibyavuzwe mbere."Turateganya ko imibare izaza izibanda cyane ku ngaruka zishobora guturuka ku kugwirirana kwa elegitoronike ku baturage bo hasi cyane ku rwego rw’ingufu ziri muri sisitemu ikonje kandi yitaruye. ”
Usibye kwemeza ibyahanuwe muburyo bwikigereranyo kunshuro yambere, imirimo iheruka yiri tsinda ryabashakashatsi irashobora kugira uruhare runini mubushakashatsi.Urugero, ubushakashatsi bwabo bwerekana ko gupima igipimo cya electron cyatewe nimpinduka zingufu za kwant zishobora kuba ingenzi mugihe usesenguye ibimenyetso bidakomeye bya molekile mumwanya wagaragajwe na telesikopi ya radio cyangwa reaction ya chimique muri plasmas yoroheje kandi ikonje.
Mu bihe biri imbere, iyi mpapuro irashobora gutanga inzira yubushakashatsi bushya bwibanze cyane cyane ku ngaruka ziterwa no kugongana kwa elegitoronike ku myanya y’ingufu zingana zingana na molekile ikonje.Ibi byafasha kumenya aho impanuka za electron zigira ingaruka zikomeye, bigatuma birashoboka gukora ubushakashatsi burambuye murwego.
Kálosi yongeyeho ati: "Mu mpeta yo kubika za kirogenike, turateganya gushyiraho tekinoroji ya lazeri itandukanye kugira ngo tumenye urugero rw'ingufu zizunguruka z’ibinyabuzima byinshi bya diatomique na polyatomike." .Ibipimo bya laboratoire y'ubu bwoko bizakomeza kongerwaho, cyane cyane mu bumenyi bw'ikirere bwifashishije indorerezi zikomeye nka Atacama Large Millimeter / Submillimeter Array muri Chili.”
Nyamuneka koresha iyi fomu niba uhuye namakosa yimyandikire, adahwitse, cyangwa ushaka kohereza icyifuzo cyo guhindura ibikubiye kururu rupapuro. Kubibazo rusange, nyamuneka koresha urupapuro rwitumanaho. Kubitekerezo rusange, nyamuneka koresha igice cyibitekerezo rusange (nyamuneka kurikira umurongo ngenderwaho).
Igitekerezo cyawe ni ingenzi kuri twe.Nyamara, kubera ubwinshi bwubutumwa, ntabwo twemeza ibisubizo byumuntu kugiti cye.
Aderesi imeri yawe ikoreshwa gusa kugirango umenyeshe abayakiriye kohereje imeri.Ntabwo adresse yawe cyangwa aderesi yabakiriye bizakoreshwa kubindi bikorwa byose.Amakuru winjiye azagaragara muri imeri yawe kandi ntabwo azagumana na Phys.org murimwe ifishi.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-28-2022