Rotomolding

Guhinduranya(BrEkubumba) ikubiyemo ifu ishyushye yuzuye yuzuyemo amafaranga cyangwa uburemere bwibikoresho. Ihita izunguruka buhoro (mubisanzwe hafi y'amashoka abiri ya perpendikulari) bigatuma ibintu byoroheje bitatana kandi bigakomera kurukuta rwububiko. Kugirango ugumane umubyimba mugice cyose, ifumbire ikomeza kuzunguruka igihe cyose mugihe cyo gushyushya no kwirinda kugabanuka cyangwa guhinduka no mugihe cyo gukonja. Inzira yakoreshwaga kuri plastiki mu myaka ya za 40 ariko mu myaka ya mbere ntiyakoreshejwe cyane kuko yari inzira itinze igarukira ku mubare muto wa plastiki. Mu myaka 20 ishize, iterambere mugucunga inzira hamwe niterambere hamwe nifu ya pulasitike byatumye imikoreshereze yiyongera cyane.

Rotocasting (izwi kandi nka rotacasting), ugereranije, ikoresha ibisigazwa byo kwikiza muburyo budashyushye, ariko igabana umuvuduko wo kuzunguruka buhoro hamwe no guhinduranya. Spincasting ntigomba kwitiranwa na kimwe, ukoresheje imiti yo kwikiza cyangwa ibyuma byera mumashini yihuta ya centrifugal.  

Amateka

Mu 1855, R. Peters wo mu Bwongereza yanditse inyandiko ikoreshwa rya mbere rya biaxial rotation n'ubushyuhe. Ubu buryo bwo guhinduranya bwakoreshwaga mu gukora ibisasu bya rutura n’ibindi bikoresho bidafite umumaro. Intego nyamukuru yo gukoresha ibishushanyo bisimburana kwari ugukora ubudahwema mubyimbye n'ubucucike. Mu 1905 muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika FA Voelke yakoresheje ubu buryo mugutobora ibintu bishashara. Ibi byatumye GS Baker na GW Perks bakora amagi ya shokora ya shokora mu 1910. Guhinduranya byateye imbere kandi RJ Powell yakoresheje ubwo buryo mu kubumba plaque ya Paris mu myaka ya za 1920. Ubu buryo bwambere ukoresheje ibikoresho bitandukanye byerekeje kumajyambere muburyo bwo kuzunguruka bukoreshwa uyumunsi hamwe na plastiki.

Plastike yatangijwe muburyo bwo kuzunguruka mu ntangiriro ya 1950. Imwe mubisabwa bwa mbere kwari ugukora imitwe yubupupe. Imashini zari zikoze mu mashini ya E Blue agasanduku-ifuru, yatewe inkunga na axe yinyuma ya General Motors, ikoreshwa na moteri y’amashanyarazi yo hanze kandi ishyutswe na gaze yotsa hasi. Ibumba ryakozwe muri nikel-umuringa wa electroformed, kandi plastiki yari plastisol ya PVC. Uburyo bwo gukonjesha bwari bugizwe no gushyira ifu mumazi akonje. Iyi nzira yo kuzunguruka yatumye habaho ibindi bikinisho bya plastiki. Mugihe ibyifuzo no gukundwa muriki gikorwa byiyongereye, byakoreshwaga mugukora ibindi bicuruzwa nka cones yo mumuhanda, ubwato bwo mu nyanja, hamwe nintoki zimodoka. Uku kwamamara kwatumye iterambere ryimashini nini. Hashyizweho kandi uburyo bushya bwo gushyushya, buva mu ndege ya gaze ya mbere yerekeza kuri sisitemu yo mu kirere yihuta cyane. Mu Burayi mu myaka ya za 1960 inzira ya Engel yaratejwe imbere. Ibi byatumye hashyirwaho ibikoresho binini bitobora kugirango habeho polyethylene nkeya. Uburyo bwo gukonjesha bwari bugizwe no kuzimya gutwika no kwemerera plastike gukomera mugihe ikiri kunyeganyega.^[2]

Mu 1976, Ishyirahamwe rya Rotational Moulders (ARM) ryatangiriye i Chicago nk'ishyirahamwe ry'ubucuruzi ku isi. Intego nyamukuru yiri shyirahamwe ni ukongera ubumenyi bwikoranabuhanga rizunguruka.

Mu myaka ya za 1980, plastiki nshya, nka polyakarubone, polyester, na nylon, zatangijwe no kuzunguruka. Ibi byatumye habaho imikoreshereze mishya muriki gikorwa, nko kurema ibigega bya peteroli no kubumba inganda. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe kuva mu mpera z'imyaka ya za 1980 muri kaminuza ya Mwamikazi ya kaminuza ya Belfast bwatumye hashyirwaho uburyo bunoze bwo kugenzura no kugenzura uburyo bukonje bushingiye ku iterambere ryabo rya “Rotologique”.

Ibikoresho n'ibikoresho

Imashini izunguruka ikozwe muburyo bunini. Mubisanzwe bigizwe nibibumbano, ifuru, icyumba gikonjesha, hamwe na spindles. Uruziga rushyirwa kumurongo uzunguruka, rutanga igipande kimwe cya plastiki imbere muri buri cyuma.

Ibishushanyo (cyangwa ibikoresho) byahimbwe kuva ibyuma bisudira cyangwa ibyuma. Uburyo bwo guhimba akenshi butwarwa nubunini bwigice kandi bigoye; ibice byinshi bigoye birashoboka ko bikozwe mubikoresho byo gukina. Ibishushanyo bisanzwe bikozwe mubyuma cyangwa aluminiyumu. Ububiko bwa aluminiyumu mubusanzwe bufite umubyimba mwinshi kuruta icyuma gihwanye nicyuma, kuko nicyuma cyoroshye. Ubu bunini ntibuhindura ibihe byumuzingi cyane kubera ko ubushyuhe bwa aluminiyumu bwikubye inshuro nyinshi kuruta ibyuma. Bitewe no gukenera guteza imbere icyitegererezo mbere yo gukina, ibishishwa bikunda kugira amafaranga yinyongera ajyanye no gukora ibikoresho, mugihe ibyuma byahimbwe cyangwa aluminiyumu, cyane cyane iyo bikoreshwa mubice bitoroshye, ntibihendutse. Nyamara, ibishushanyo bimwe birimo aluminium nicyuma. Ibi bituma ubunini buhinduka murukuta rwibicuruzwa. Mugihe iyi nzira idasobanutse neza nko guterwa inshinge, itanga uwashizeho amahitamo menshi. Aluminiyumu yongeyeho ibyuma itanga ubushobozi bwubushyuhe bwinshi, bigatuma gushonga-gutemba kuguma mumazi mugihe kirekire.